🗒Explanation Text🗒

 Explanation Text

Explanation text is a type of text in English that describes a process. Talking about the process, this text is almost the same as procedure text. However, if the procedure text describes how to do something (process), this text describes how a process occurs. That way, we can know that the explanation text serves to provide information to readers about a process.

Explanation Text Characteristics

✏ Using the Simple Present Tense

This text uses the Simple Present Tense because it describes facts.

✏ Using Action Verbs

Action Verbs are verbs used to describe an ongoing action. Examples are do, make, create, and so on.

✏ Using Passive Voices

The use of Passive Voices aims to emphasize the focus on the event that is taking place rather than the subject.

✏ Using Noun Phrases

✏ Using Technical Terms

These technical terms refer to technical terms related to the topics discussed in this text.

✏ Contains an explanation of the process

Generic Structure of Explanation Text

General Statement

Contains general information on topics to be discussed in the text.

Explanation

Contains a series of events (sequence of events) from a process which is the topic of the text. We can also explain by using the why and how questions, so that the explanation we convey is more comprehensive.

Closing

The closing or closing part is optional or does not have to be in this text. This section may contain additional information or the author's opinion on the topics discussed.

Example

Rainbow

Almost everyone really likes a natural phenomenon called a rainbow. To the extent that many people create works of art such as songs, cakes, and other works after seeing the beautiful colors of the rainbow. But do you know how the phenomenon of the rainbow appears?

Rainbows occur due to light refraction. The sunlight shining between the raindrops is refracted by the raindrops. This process separates white light from sunlight into a spectrum of different colors.

The color spectrum is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple. Or what we often memorize as an acronym for “ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then the colors are reflected behind the raindrops, producing light that looks curved and becomes a rainbow.

📜Exposition Text📜

 Exposition Text

Exposition Text is a type of text or spoken material in English that is used to explain the author's views on an issue. In other words, this text is argumentative. This type of text is very popular in academic circles and can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speeches, and so on. The purpose of this text is only to make the reader or listener aware of an issue raised by the writer or speaker.

Analytical Exposition Characteristics

There are several characteristics of this text, namely:

📍It is an argumentative text with supporting reasons.

📍Using the Simple Present Tense

📍Using conjunctions such as first, second, third, next, furthermore, additionally and so on.

📍Use evaluative words such as important, valuable, trustworthy, and so on.

📍Using causal conjunctions for example, as a result, because, by, consequently, despite, due to, for that reason, and so on

Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition

Thesis

Contains the opinion of the author or speaker regarding the topic in question.

Arguments

Arguments contain opinions that support the main idea. The more opinions that are written, the more interesting an Analytical Exposition Text is because readers or listeners tend to believe in an event if there are many supporting opinions in it.

Conclusion

Contains conclusions or restatements on the essence of the ideas presented.

Example of Analytical Exposition Text

Cramming is Bad

How do you study when the test is coming? Do you start preparing for the test weeks or months before the test or leave things to the last hour? If you start studying weeks or months before the test, it is great. However, if you study all the material in the last hour or minute, it is not good for you and it is called cramming.

Cramming is the situation when students stay up until morning to study before their test. This habit can lead to negative impacts for some reason. The first reason is that disruptions in the regular sleep cycle can cause temporary intellectual lapses. For most students, less sleep can make them could not focus in the class. Additionally, cramming can leave us with “something that I have seen before” in our memory. However, being able to recognize something is not the same as being able to recall it. Besides that, each person has their different sleeping time, so some of them often use a stimulant for cramming. Furthermore, that stimulant gives bad effect to its consumers.

The example stimulant is coffee. It causes many problems such as Caffeine Intoxiation Syndrome, anxiety, panic, headaches, and so on. To sum up, cramming is bad because it disturbs our regular sleep cycle which cause temporary intellectualn lapses and using stimulant for cramming gives bad effect to our health.

📑Narrative Text📑

 Narrative Text 

Narrative text is a type of text in English to tell a story that has a chronological sequence of events that are interconnected. The purpose of this text is to entertain the reader about a story or story.

Characteristics of Narrative Text

🎈Using action verbs in the form of past tenses.

🎈Using a specific noun as a pronoun.

🎈Using the Adjective to form Noun Phrase.

🎈Use the Conjunction to sort events.

Narrative Text Structure

The structure of the narrative text focuses on a series of stages that are proposed to build a text on its own. In general, there are four stages in Narrative text, namely:

Orientation

Orientation or so-called introduction, contains about who, when, where a story is set.

Complication

Complication tells the beginning of the problem that causes the peak of the problem or what is commonly called the climax. This section usually involves the main character of the story.

Resolution

This section is the end of the story or a solution to the problem that occurred. Problems can be solved can be for better or even worse which will make the story end happily or vice versa. Sometimes, there are resolutions which are other problems to solve. It is deliberately created by the author to increase and maintain interest and tension for the readers. Usually, this type of resolution is found in the mysteries and horror genres.

Re-orientation

The part is the closing of a story which is optional. Re-orientation can contain moral lessons, suggestions or teachings from the author.

Example 

Cinderella

Once upon a time, there lived a girl named Cinderella. She lived with her step mother and two step sisters. The step mother and her two daughters didn’t like Cinderella. They treated Cincerella very bad. Cinderella usually did the hardest works in the house; such as scrubbing the floor, cleaning the pot and pan and preparing the food for the family, and so on.

One day, a ball was to be held by the royal family of the kingdom to find the Prince’s spouse. Cinderella wanted to go to the ball but her step mother asked her to stay at home and do the house works. Cinderella cried. Then there was a fairy godmother standing beside her.

“Why are you crying, Cinderella?”, the fairy godmother asked.

“Because I want to go to the ball but my step mother insists me to stay at home. Besides, I don’t have any beautiful dress” said Cinderella.

Then the fairy turned Cinderella’s ugly dress became the most beautiful dress and with beautiful slippers. The fairy also turned a pumpkin into a parking coach and the mice become six white horses. Cinderella fiinally could go to the ball but she had to come back before midnight before the spell ended.

At the ball, Cinderella amazed everybody there include the Prince. The Prince asked her to dance. Cinderella had a wonderful time at the ball. But, all of a sudden, she heard the sound of a clock, the first stroke of midnight. Remembered what the fairy had said, Cinderella ran back to go home. But she lost one of her slippers in ballroom. The Prince picked up her slipper and would search for the girl whose foot fitted with the slipper.

A few days later, the Prince proclaimed that he would marry the girl whose feet fitted the slipper. Her step sisters tried on the slipper but it was too small for them, no matter how hard they squeezed their toes into it. In the end, the King’s solder let Cinderella try on the slipper. She stuck out her foot and the page slipped the slipper on. It fitted perfectly.

Finally, she was driven to the palace. The Prince was overjoyed to see her again. They were married and live happily ever after.

👨‍🎤Biography Famous Person👨‍🎤

Biography Famous Person

Zayn Malik 

Born Zayn Jawaad Malik on January 12, 1993, he was later on known nationwide as Zayn Malik, one of the boys in the famous One Direction. The Bradford native auditioned for the seventh season of "The X Factor" in Manchester back in 2010, singing "Let Me Love You" by rhythm-and-blues vocalist Mario. He was accepted to the next round and almost eliminated during the bootcamp stages because he refused to dance. Though couldn't make it to the final round, he was chosen by the show's judge Simon Cowell to be teamed up with fellow contestants Harry Styles, Niall Horan, Liam Payne and Louis Tomlinson to form a new act called One Direction. The fivesome then went on competing in the reality talent show and finished in third place. They were then immediately signed to Cowell's Syco music label.

It didn't take long for Zayn and his fellow bandmates to experience success, thanks to their debut single "What Makes You Beautiful" which was quick to become a hit after being released in September 2011. The band continued their domination with their first album "Up All Night". Not only the set became a best seller in UK, but also hitting No. 1 on the US Billboard charts, making them the first UK group to accomplish such achievement. Following the success, Zayn alongside Niall, Harry, Liam, and Louis released two follow-up albums "Take Me Home" (2012) and "Midnight Memories" (2013), which both also went success.

Having his own fan base, Zayn was often dubbed the "bad boy" of One Direction due to his mischievous behavior, many tattoos and heavy smoking habit. The Muslim singer used to date "The X Factor" fellow contestants Geneva Lane, Rebecca Ferguson, who is six years his senior, and Perrie Edwards. He then got engaged to Perrie in August 2013 after two years of dating.

Following the release of One Direction's 2014 album "Four", the group went on a world tour. During the Asian leg on the trek, Zayn was rumored to be cheating on his fiancee Perrie Edwards after he was spotted with another woman. After that, Zayn took a break from the tour and was reported returning to the U.K. Later, he announced that he left the band in order to become "a normal 22-year-old."

Despite his statement that he just wanted to live a normal life, numerous rumors started circulating online that he's actually readying a solo career with the help of Naughty Boy. The news prompted a feud between Zayn and his former bandmate Louis Tomlinson. In mid-2015, Zayn finally confirmed that he's indeed planning to perform as a solo artist by announcing his recording deal with RCA Records.

In several interviews after his exit from 1D, Zayn revealed that he never really wanted to be in the band. He said that he and his former bandmates had different musical taste. Though so, he claimed he tried to stay friends with the boys, but they kept giving him the cold shoulder.

In early 2016, Zayn released his debut solo single, "Pillowtalk". The song, which came along with its music video that stars Zayn's new girlfriend Gigi Hadid, was received well by fans. It made its debut on the Hot 100 at No. 1, making Zayn the first British act to start atop the chart with his first single.

👤Biography Inventor👤

 

Biography Inventor

Biography text 

is a detailed description or account of a person’s life and written by someone else, it is non fiction text. 

Function of Biography

◾To know a person’s story about his/her life outside of any accomplishments this person   may be known for.

 ◾ To give many information easily and educate the readers.

Characteristics of Biography

◾Biography Is not written by subject and always written in third person. In other words, the biographical text is not made by the person whose biography is being told, but is told by another person in a third person perspective.

◾Based on research. The text is made based on the facts of a character's life experience containing the story or story of a character in navigating his life, whether it is in the form of strengths, problems or weaknesses written by others so that they should be role models. 

◾Describes the person's surroundings (where, when and how the person lived). 

◾Use vivid language to narrate events. Clear language must be applied in a biographical text in order to avoid mistakes in the information presented.

Generic Structure

ORIENTATION (INTRODUCTION)

It is the opening paragraph, gives the readers the background information of the person. Usually contains a narrated biodata such as full name, place and date of birth.

EVENTS

In events, should be chronological order. This stage is part of the events or events experienced by the character. Contains an explanation of a story whether it is in the form of problem solving, career processes, and various events that have been experienced by a character that led to success.

RE-ORIENTATION (CLOSING)

It consist of conclusion or a comment or the writer. Tell about the echievement or the contribution of the person. In the closing, this section contains the writer's view of the character being narrated. This revision is optional, so it may or may not be present.

 Grammar and language features

Use of simple past tense. A simple form of events that occurred in the past. Using the second form of the verb (verb 2).

e.g. : 

-The family then moved to his stepfather's home country.

-He was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii.

Temporal sequence (time sequence) and temporal conjunction (temporal conjunction). As a liaison between one sentence and another in the order of time.

e.g. : His parents separated when he was two years old.

Focus on Specific participants

Use of Action verbs. groups of words that describe something that the character is actively doing. 

e.g. : the family then moved to his stepfather's home country.

Types of biography

◾Short biography (focuses only on highlights of a person's life)

◾Long biography (about life and times of someone in a lot more detail)

Example

Thomas Alfa Edison

Inventor Thomas Edison was born on February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio. Thomas Edison was the youngest of seven children by Samuel and Nancy Edison. His father was a political activist who was exiled from Canada, while his mother was an accomplished school teacher and had a big influence in Thomas' early life.

Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor, his inventions included the telegraph, universal stock ticker, phonograph, the first commercial practical incandescent electric light bulb, alkaline storage battery and the kinetograph (camera for moving images).

During his lifetime, Edison received 1,093 US patents and filed for an additional 500 to 600 patents which were unsuccessful or abandoned. He exercised his first patent for the Electrographic Vote-Recorder on October 13, 1868, at the age of 21. His latest patent is for a device to hold objects during the electroplating process.

Although Thomas Edison was not the inventor of the first light bulb, he did invent technology that helped make it happen to the masses. Edison was encouraged to perfect a commercially practical and efficient incandescent light bulb after British inventor Humphry Davy invented the first early electric arc lamp in the early 1800's.

Thomas Edison died of diabetes complications on October 18, 1931, at his home, "Glenmont," in West Orange, New Jersey. He is 84 years old. By the time he died, he was one of the most famous and respected Americans in the world. Many communities and companies around the world dimmed their lights or briefly turned off their power to commemorate his death.

🏖Recreation Places🏖

Recreation Places

Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun".

General structure

1. Introduction

This section is an opening of a text, which provides brief information about the name and location of the location we are going to tell.

2. Main Body

The main body is the core part of the story that describes the place or building being told.

3. Conclusion

This conclusion is the author's conclusion after visiting the place.

Vocabulary 

The vocabulary (vocabulary) above is usually used for direction and location material which includes the preposition of place / position.

● Night Market : Pasar malam

● Mountain : Gunung

● Beach : Pantai

● Museum : Museum

Example 

Raja Ampat

Raja Ampat is located in the province of West Papua. This tourist spot is one of the "must visit" tourist attractions in Indonesia. Travelers who like to spend most of their time exploring this beautiful part of the earth will love Raja Ampat.

The origin of the name Raja Ampat is believed to have been taken from a local legend. Raja Ampat means "Four Kings". Legend has it that once a woman found seven eggs. Four eggs hatch. Later, children born from eggs became kings on the four main islands.

The four main islands in Raja Ampat are Batanta, Misool, Salawati, and Waigeo. There are more than 1,500 islets, islets and shoals that surround the four main islands. Therefore, Raja Ampat is classified as an archipelago.

Raja Ampat is famous for its underwater world. The underwater biodiversity of Raja Ampat is very large with about 540 types of coral, 700 species of molluscs, and more than 1,000 types of reef fish. In addition, The Nature Conservancy and Conservation International reports that about 75% of the world's species live in Raja Ampat. This report confirms that Raja Ampat is an archipelago with the most diverse coral reefs and underwater biota.

The beauty of Raja Ampat is not only about its underwater riches but also about its scenery. People would say the surface appearance was beyond words. The islets of rock, clear blue water and clear blue skies give off an amazing vibe all around. Visitors who wish to embrace Mother Earth will not return home disappointed. This place is also famous for its dense forest which is home to many species of birds.

Cendrawasih, a species that lives in Raja Ampat, is nicknamed "Bird of Paradise" because its beauty does not seem to be from this world. This unique bird is a symbol of Papua.

🏛 Descriptive text, Historical building🏛

 Descriptive text, Historical building

Descriptive Text is a type of text in English that clearly describes the properties inherent in something, be it humans, animals, plants or inanimate objects. 

The purpose of this text is to provide clear information about the object being depicted to the reader.

An historic building is generally considered to be a building or structure that has some kind of 'historic value'. A building may hold special historic interest because of its importance with respect to a particular historical event or period, or be associated with nationally important people. Alternatively, there might be special historic interest in the building itself, it's construction methods, design, architectural significance, and so on.

Generic structure

1. Introduction 

This section is the opening of a text, which provides brief information about the name and location of the location we are going to tell.

2. Main Body 

The main body is part of the core of the story which describes the place or building being told.

3. Conclusion

This conclusion is the conclusion of the author after visiting the place.

Example

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur is the biggest temple in Indonesia. Candi Borobudur is in Magelang, Central Java, notwithstanding being a clamoring vacation destination, is likewise a focal point of love for Buddhists in Indonesia, particularly in every festival of Vesak. This is steady with the importance of its name is "cloister in the slopes". Borobudur is right now assigned as one of the UNESCO World Heritage. 

Borobudur was constructed around 800 BC or 9th century. Borobudur was assembled by the devotees of the Mahayana Buddha amid the rule of the Sailendra line. This temple was fabricated in the prime of the Sailendra tradition. Borobudur author, King Samaratungga from dynastic or Sailendra administration. The likelihood of this temple was manufactured around 824 AD and was finished around the year 900 AD amid the rule of Queen Pramudawardhani who is the girl of Samaratungga. While the engineers who added to construct this temple as indicated by the account of inherited named Gunadharma. 

The word Borobudur itself by first composed confirmation composed by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the Governor General of Great Britain in Java, which gave the name of this temple. There is no composed proof that more established who issued it the name Borobudur temple. The main archives that demonstrate the presence most established temple is Nagarakertagama book, which was composed by MPU Prapanca in 1365. In the book composed that the temple was utilized as a position of Buddhist contemplation. 

The importance of the name Borobudur "cloister in the slopes", which is gotten from "bara" (temple or religious community) and "beduhur" (slopes or high place) in Sanskrit. Accordingly, as per the significance of the name Borobudur, then this spot since it was utilized as a position of Buddhist love.